coalesce
Returns the first of its arguments that is not null.
Returns null if all arguments are null.
This function is often used to substitute a default value for null values.
- expression1, expression_n: Expression to use if previous expressions are null. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators. Pass as many expression arguments as necessary.
nullif
Returns null if expression1 equals expression2; otherwise it returns expression1.
This can be used to perform the inverse operation of coalesce
.
- expression1: Expression to compare and return if equal to expression2. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
- expression2: Expression to compare to expression1. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
nvl
Returns expression2 if expression1 is NULL; otherwise it returns expression1.
- expression1: return if expression1 not is NULL. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
- expression2: return if expression1 is NULL. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
nvl2
Returns expression2 if expression1 is not NULL; otherwise it returns expression3.
- expression1: conditional expression. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
- expression2: return if expression1 is not NULL. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.
- expression3: return if expression1 is NULL. Can be a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic operators.